Homespun Wool Textiles of Munnar, Idukki

In the cold high-range areas around Munnar in Idukki, Tamil tea estate worker communities and tribal groups historically spun and wove woollen blankets and shawls from the wool of sheep reared on the montane grasslands. The craft uses drop spindles and simple frame looms, producing thick woollen fabric with naturally dyed geometric borders. Natural dyes are derived from the bark of local trees, dried fruits, and clay minerals found in the hill soil. The resulting shawls, known locally as pullover kambli, are prized for warmth and durability in the cold mountain evenings. Though factory-made blankets have reduced demand, cooperative self-help groups in Munnar have revived the craft as a heritage textile product for eco-tourism markets.