Satna Panna Diamond Mine Vindhya Plateau Madhya Pradesh

Panna district in Madhya Pradesh contains India's only active diamond mines — the National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC) Panna diamond mines that exploit the Vindhyan conglomerate pipe deposits — where alluvial diamonds have been mined since the 16th century by tribals using traditional pan washing methods and are now extracted mechanically by NMDC from the Majhgawan pipe. Satna district is a major cement production centre, with the Vindhyan limestone formations supporting clinker plants of ACC, Jaypee, and UltraTech that use the abundant limestone to produce cement supplied across central and northern India. Ken-Betwa river interlinking project passes through Panna — its Daudhan dam will submerge parts of Panna Tiger Reserve — creating ongoing debates between tiger conservation and water development priorities.